Effects of Longer Droughts on Holm Oak Quercus ilex L. Acorn Pests: Consequences for Infestation Rates, Seed Biomass and Embryo Survival
نویسندگان
چکیده
The effects of climate change on oaks Quercus spp. constitute a main environmental concern for the conservation temperate forests. In this context, we assessed consequences longer droughts interactions between holm oak ilex L. and its acorn pests. Infested acorns were prematurely abscised before reaching their potential size. volume attacked by Cydia fagiglandana (Lepidoptera) was smaller than those Curculio elephas (Coleoptera); however, weight did not differ because larvae consumed more cotyledon. For same reason, embryo survival likelihood lower in despite Delays late summer rain reduced infestation Curculio, as soil hardness hampers adult emergence from underground cells. By contrast, scarce precipitations benefited Cydia; rainfall might hamper flight eggs/L1 survival. There “zero-sum” effect, decrease rates fully compensated an increase Cydia. Under projected Mediterranean Basin, our results predict higher likelihood. However, further studies including other factors are needed to better forecast net fitness.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Diversity
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1424-2818']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d13030110